a. Definition of Figurative Languages
Based on Abrams (1999:96), tells that figurative languages was a conspicuous departure from what users of language apprehend as the standard meaning of words, or else the standard order of words, in order to achieve some special meaning or effect.
Figurative languages often provide a more effective means of saying what people mean than direct statement. In the specific sense, figurative languages may take the form of figures of speech. Style especially figurative languages known in rhetoric is style. Style derived from the Latin word stylus that is a kind of tool to write on a slab lily. Skill using this tool will affect the clarity of that. At press time emphasis on skills to write beautifully, then the style and turn into the ability and skill to write or use words beautifully.
b. Kinds of Figurative Languages
According to Abrams (1999:7) tells that figurative languages consist of 15 figurative languages. Due to time constraints, the researcher only focus on five types of speech consist of alliteration, hyperbole, metaphor, personification and simile. Another reasonresearcher took five kinds of figurative languages because Nicholas Sparks as the author used figurative languages for more.
There are several of figurative languages, as follows:
a) Alliteration
According to Abrams (1999:8) says that alliteration is the repetition of a speech sound in a sequence of nearby words. The term is usually applied only to consonants, and only when the recurrent sound begins a word or a stressed syllable within a word. Meanwhile, Keraf (2009:132) states that “aliterasi adalah jenis gaya yang berwujud perulangan konsonan yang sama”.
For Example:
1. Wide-eyed and wondering while we wait for others to waken
Sentence above are words that have the same consonants in pronounce repeatedly. First word in this sentence begins with alphabet of “W”, and next words also using it.
2. Betty bought butter but the butter was bitter, so Betty bought better butter to make the bitter butter better.
Sentence above are words that have the same consonants in pronounce repeatedly. First word in this sentence begins with alphabet of “B”, and next words also using it.
From expert’s opinion and example above, it can be concluded that alliteration is repetition of speech sound in same words and also figurative languages that repeating the first word that is repeated again on the next word.
b) Hyperbole
According to Keraf (2009:135) tells that “hiperbola adalah jenis gaya yang berisi berlebihan, melebih-lebihkan sesuatu”. Its means that hyperbole is a kind of style that contains an overstatement, to exaggerate something. Meanwhile, Tarigan (2004:71) states that “hiperbola adalah gaya yang mengungkapkan sesuatu dengan berlebihan melebihi apa yang sebenarnya dimaksudkan”. Its means that hyperbole is style that reveals something with exaggerated exceeds what is actually meant.
For example
1. Her voice was shrill so solve our ear.
This statement is overstatement. Statement said that voice of a woman is shrill so people’s ear will solve.
2. You snore louder than a freight train.
This statement is overstatement. This sentence explains that sound of someone’s snore is louder than a freight train. In fact sound a freight train is very loud.
From expert’s opinion and example above, it can be concluded that hyperbole is figurative language which express about something with exaggerated, so it does not correspond to the actual reality.
c) Metaphor
According to Keraf (2009: 139) tells that metaphor is a kind of analogy that compares two things directly, but in a form that brief. Metaphor as direct comparisons do not use the word: as, tubs, like, and so on, so that the first principal directly connected with the principal second fact. Process the same as simile but gradually equations and basic information about the first eliminated.
Metaphor is a word or expression that in literal usage denotes one kind of thing is applied to a distinctly different kind of thing, without asserting a comparison (Abrams, 1999:97).
For Example
1. He has a heart of stone
In the example above, there is a comparison between he as a human with has a heart of stone.
2. You are my sunshine
Example above, explain comparison between two things, “you are as someone and my sunshine as own of someone.
From expert’s opinion and example above, it can be concluded that metaphor has similar with simile, sentence which compare two things but do not use “like” and as.
d) Personification
According to Keraf (2009:140) tells that personifikasi adalah semacam gaya bahasa kiasan yang menggambarkan benda mati atau barang yang tidak bernyawa seolah-olah memiliki sifat-sifat sifat manusia. It means that personification is a kind of style of figurative language depicting inanimate objects or goods that do not animate as if it has the properties of human nature.Meanwhile, Lingga (2007:15) states that personifikasi adalah "representasi dari benda mati atau ide-ide abstrak sebagai makhluk hidup. It means that personification is a “representation of inanimate object or abstract ideas as living beings”.
In addition, Abrams (1999:99) says that personification, or in the Greekterm, prosopopeia, in which either an inanimate object or an abstract concept spoken of as though it were endowed with life or with human attributes or feelings (compare pathetic fallacy).
For Example:
1. The moon smiles at us.
In the sentence includes the word "moon" which is smiling. Smiling is an action performed by an object or a human life,but in the quote, performed by inanimate objects.
2. The wind touched my skin.
From example above there is a word “the wind” which is inanimate, that can touch where word “touch” is human action.
3. The sun played hide and seek with the clouds
In this sentence, there is word “the sun “which is inanimate do act like human is played hide and seek.
From expert’s opinion and example above, it can be concluded that personification is kind of figurative language that function to describe an inanimate object as if it has properties or capabilities as humans.
e) Simile
According to Keraf (2009:138) simile is a comparison that is explicit, is a comparison that is explicit is the same she implying something with it other. Therefore, it shows the effort that explicitly shows the similarities are such words, same, as, as if, like, etc.
Meanwhile, Perrine (1982:61) simile is the explicit comparison of two things, indicates by the word or phrase such as like, as, than, similar, resemble or seems. In addition, Abrams (1999:97) states that “simile is a comparison between two distinctly different things is explicitly indicated by the word "like" or "as".
For Example:
1. “Her lips are chapped like pomegranate”.
This sentence compare between two manners. Consist of her lips are chapped and pomegranate, and this sentences using “like”.
2. John’s style as funny as a barrel of monkeys
This sentence said that compare between John’s styles with barrel of monkey. This sentence also used “as …as”, which is simile characteristic.
3. They fought like cats and dogs
Based on this example explain comparison between their fought with cat and dog. This example also using “like” which is simile characteristics.
From expert’s opinion and example above, it can be concluded that simile was comparison that explicit, between two things using conjunctive. It were like, as than, similar, resemble or seems.
Is there a text or something that including all of figurative language ??
ReplyDeleteYes, there is.
DeleteOne example is in this poem
EDELWEISS
By Aam Karnamah
Whisper of the breeze take your shadow (1)
When the swallows are coming home
The shadow of your face that greet in my eyes (2)
The yearning that peaked in my heart (3)
Making me increasingly realize
If you said it, I would certainly accept it
Your love that as wide as an ocean (4)
I can’t see it though as bright as the moon (4)
I’m lonely in whoop-de-do (5)
Chafe, I didn’t understand your word of love
I wanna win your love forever
Everlasting like edelweiss which have ever you given me (4/6)
Figurative of speech / Majas dari puisi di atas diantaranya :
1. Imegery
"Whisper of the breeze take your shadow"
Disebut imegery karena penulis ingin mengajak kepada pembaca seolah-olah pembaca ikut merasakan bisikan angin dengan panca inderanya.
2. Personification
"The shadow of your face that greet in my eyes"
Disebut personification karena benda yang mati seolah-olah hidup yaitu bayangan wajah yang menyapa.
3. Hyperbole
"The yearning that peaked in my heart"
Disebut hyperbole karena kata-kata yang terdapat dalam puisi tersebut berlebihan yaitu keinginan yang memuncak dihati.
4. Simile
"Your love that as wide as an ocean", "I can’t see it though as bright as the moon", "Everlasting like edelweiss..."
Disebut simile karena kata-kata yang terdapat dalam puisi tersebut dibandingkan/disandingkan dengan benda lain yaitu cintamu yang sebesar samudra, cintanmu yang seterang bulan, abadi seperti bunga edelweiss.
5. Paradox
"I’m lonely in whoop-de-do"
Disebut paradox karena situasinya yang bersebrangan dengan kenyataan yang sebenarnya yaitu merasa sepi dalam keramaian.
6. Symbol
"Everlasting like edelweiss..."
Disebut symbol karena bunga edelweiss menyimbolkan keadabadian.
In the above poem found 6 types of figurative language and I deliberately combine the language so that you can understand more about the figurative language in the poem.
Thankyou:)
Nice. Thank you
Deletecan you give one poetry and tell me where is a part of the figurative language ?
ReplyDeleteYes, of course sandra😊
DeleteEDELWEISS
By Aam Karnamah
Whisper of the breeze take your shadow (1)
When the swallows are coming home
The shadow of your face that greet in my eyes (2)
The yearning that peaked in my heart (3)
Making me increasingly realize
If you said it, I would certainly accept it
Your love that as wide as an ocean (4)
I can’t see it though as bright as the moon (4)
I’m lonely in whoop-de-do (5)
Chafe, I didn’t understand your word of love
I wanna win your love forever
Everlasting like edelweiss which have ever you given me (4/6)
Figurative of speech / Majas dari puisi di atas diantaranya
1. Imegery
"Whisper of the breeze take your shadow"
Disebut imegery karena penulis ingin mengajak kepada pembaca seolah-olah pembaca ikut merasakan bisikan angin dengan panca inderanya.
2. Personification
"The shadow of your face that greet in my eyes"
Disebut personification karena benda yang mati seolah-olah hidup yaitu bayangan wajah yang menyapa.
3. Hyperbole
"The yearning that peaked in my heart"
Disebut hyperbole karena kata-kata yang terdapat dalam puisi tersebut berlebihan yaitu keinginan yang memuncak dihati.
4. Simile
"Your love that as wide as an ocean", "I can’t see it though as bright as the moon", "Everlasting like edelweiss..."
Disebut simile karena kata-kata yang terdapat dalam puisi tersebut bibandingkan/disandingkan dengan benda lain yaitu cintamu yang sebesar samudra, cintanmu yang seterang bulan, abadi seperti bunga edelweiss.
5. Paradox
"I’m lonely in whoop-de-do"
Disebut paradox karena situasinya yang bersebrangan dengan kenyataan yang sebenarnya yaitu merasa sepi dalam keramaian.
6. Symbol
"Everlasting like edelweiss..."
Disebut symbol karena bunga edelweiss menyimbolkan keadabadian.
I deliberately combine the language so that you can understand more about the figurative language in the poetry☺
Hello lana pliss you give me 10 example about simele.thank you
ReplyDeleteHai nelia, my material is SIMILE not SIMELE😂
DeleteAbrams (1999:97) states that “simile is a comparison between two distinctly different things is explicitly indicated by the word "like" or "as".
10 examples of simile :
1. His heart is as hard as a rock
2. Her hope is like a candle in the dark
3. Your lip is like a red rose
4. His attitude is as cool as the ice
5. As big as an elephant
6. As black as a sweep
7. As brave as a lion
8. As bright as day
9. They are as cooperative as penguins
10. Those are soft like a sponge.
From the definition and example above, it can be concluded that simile was comparison that explicit, between two things using conjunctive. It were like, as than, similar, resemble or seems.
Simile has similar with metaphor, sentence which compare two things use "like" and "as" while the metaphor doesn't use that.
Thankyou
Hi Lana, how do we know if a sentence or even poetry has figurative languages? Is there any tricks to find them?
ReplyDeleteHi mutia, it's easy, especially in a poetry. because most poetry contain figurative language so that the poetry becomes more interesting.
DeleteAnd in my opinion one trick for finding figurative language in easy poetry, for example when you find a sentence that compares between two things briefly without the word "like / as" means metaphor, and if the comparison uses "like / as" means simile, maybe thats all, thankyou😊
Lana, reading your blog is like eating noni.
ReplyDeleteHaha yes, that's because you only see noni fruit in terms of taste.
DeleteIf you see the other side, noni has many benefits contained in it even though it doesn't taste good.
The same as my blog, the display is only normal, but there are many meanings and knowledge contained in it.
So don't ever look at something with one eye, because we are born with two eyes.
Thankyou😊
Please give 3 definitions of Figurative Languages according to experts? and who is Abrams (1999: 96)?
ReplyDelete1. Based on Abrams (1999:96), tells that figurative languages was a conspicuous departure from what users of language apprehend as the standard meaning of words, or else the standard order of words, in order to achieve some special meaning or effect.
Delete2. Perrine (1982:61) tells that figurative languages is broadly defined as anyway of saying something other than ordinary way.
3. Keraf (2009:113) “Gaya bahasa merupakan cara untuk mengekspresikan biasanya berpikir melalui bahasa yang menunjukkan semangat dan kepribadian penulis atau bahasa pengguna”. It means that figurative language is a way of expressing typically thought through language that shows the spirit and personality of the author or the user language.
From experts’ opinion above, it can be concluded that figurative languages is the typical way an author or writer in expressing thoughts and feelings in writing or orally. The specificity of figurative languages in the choice of words an author who is able to touch the minds and feelings of the reader.
Who is abrams?
Meyer Howard "Mike" Abrams (July 23, 1912 – April 21, 2015), usually cited as M. H. Abrams, was an American literary critic, known for works on romanticism, in particular his book The Mirror and the Lamp. Under Abrams's editorship, The Norton Anthology of English Literature became the standard text for undergraduate survey courses across the U.S. and a major trendsetter in literary canon formation.
Thankyou
Hi lana... Can you tell me when the right time to use the figurative language in conversation ?
ReplyDeleteHello Sis, of course.
DeleteI think the right time to use figurative language in conversation is when we want to say something, but it doesn't go to the point, for example when we want to say a beautiful face and we say its face like a full moon, and many more examples again, thankyou😊
How can i understanded about semantics in your blog, can you make simpel and i can understan about that?
ReplyDeleteHi wella, I will make you understand the contents of my blog😊
DeleteThe content of my blog is one branch of the semantic is figurative language. the expert is abrams. and according to him, the figurative language consists of 5 types, namely alliteration, hyperbole, metaphor, personification, and simile.
1. Alliteration is the repetition of speech sounds in the order of nearby words.
for example: Betty buys butter but butter is bitter.
from the example above, the alliteration is "B"
2. Hyperbole is a kind of style that contains an overstatement, to exaggerate something.
For example : Her voice was shrill so solve our ear.
This statement is overstatement. Because statement said that voice of a woman is shrill so people’s ear will solve.
3. Metaphor is a kind of analogy that compares two things directly, but in a form that brief.
For example : He has a heart of stone
In the example above, there is a comparison between he as a human with has a heart of stone.
4. Personification is a kind of style of figurative language depicting inanimate objects or goods that do not animate as if it has the properties of human nature.
For example : The wind touched my skin.
From example above there is a word “the wind” which is inanimate, that can touch where word “touch” is human action.
5. “simile is a comparison between two distinctly different things is explicitly indicated by the word "like" or "as".
For example : They fought like cats and dogs.
Based on this example explain comparison between their fought with cat and dog. This example also using “like” which is simile characteristics.
From expert’s opinion and example above, it can be concluded that metaphor has similar with simile, sentence which compare two things but do not use “like” and as.
Okay wella, I hope you can understand with my brief explanation, thank you😄
Yeah, like this.. thank u
Deleteis it funny if we used metaphor in our daily live?
ReplyDeleteYes,funny.
DeleteMetaphor is a kind of analogy that compares two things directly, but in a form that brief.
But we also have to be able to see the context too.
for example don't use metaphors when talking to parents, because our thoughts with them are different and most of them don't like it because they don't understand.
so, to whom should the metaphor be used?
DeleteI think you can use metaphor when you talking with your friend especially to writers, because the writers more like figurative language like metaphor
Delete*life
ReplyDeleteif I use computer to see ur blog, I can't understand your material, because you can't manage your blog
ReplyDeleteYes, April, I realized that, for now, I really can't manage my blog, because my laptop is damaged, so I upload it via a cellphone which when viewed through a laptop is not neat.
DeleteI will set my blog very interesting when my laptop is good.
and for now, my suggestion is that you can understand my material, use the cellphone that you have, because actually, you use your cellphone more often than a laptop right?hehe thankyou
Good
DeletePlease add content in your blog...
ReplyDeleteBecause it very bored if just writing..
Yes, anwar, I haven't had time to add content on my blog, because I'm still a beginner, I will upload my video on my blog, and if I have uploaded the video, I will share the url to you so you don't get bored. I will also learn to make my blog more interesting, thank you
Deletethis blog make people stupid. hahahaa
ReplyDeleteyes, only people who are short-minded and do not want to develop who become stupid while reading my blog, hahaha
Deletewhy is this important to learn? I don't think it's too important for everyday life.
ReplyDeleteyes, maybe you think this is not important for your everyday life, but as a student this is important for you to learn because this is one part of linguistics.
Deleteand you have to know, this is very important and useful for a writer to express his ideas
Hello Lana. I wanna ask you,
ReplyDeletehow we differentiate that a statement is called alliteration or metaphor?
According to Abrams (1999:8) says that alliteration is the repetition of a speech sound in a sequence of nearby words. The term is usually applied only to consonants, and only when the recurrentsound begins a word or a stressed syllable within a word,
DeleteWhile According to Keraf (2009: 139) tells that metaphor is a kind of analogy that compares two things directly, but in a form that brief. Metaphor as direct comparisons do not use the word: as, tubs, like, and so on, so that the first principal directly connected with the principal second fact.
So how to distinguish it easily sis.
if you find a sentence with a repetition of a speech sound in a sequence of nearby words, it means alliteration.
and if you find a sentence that compares between two things directly, then it is a metaphor.
but you need to remember too, the comparison in the metaphor sentence doesn't use the word "like / as", if you use that, it's called SIMILE, not METAPHOR
Thankyou
Can you give 10 examples of hyperbole?
ReplyDeleteYes, of course
DeleteAccording to Keraf (2009:135) tells that “hiperbola adalah jenis gaya yang berisi berlebihan, melebih-lebihkan sesuatu”. Its means that hyperbole is a kind of style that contains an overstatement, to exaggerate something.
Examples of hyperbole :
1. A teacher has explained that million times
Gurunya telah menjelaskan hal tersebut jutaan kali
2. I am so hungry, I could eat everything
Saya sangat lapar, saya dapat memakan apapun.
3. She is so dumb, she thinks Jakarta is a cake
Dia begitu bodoh sehingga ia pikir Jakarta adalah sebuah kue
4. I am very busy, I have a million things to do
Saya sangat sibuk, saya mempunyai jutaan pekerjaan yang harus dilakukan
5. She said,”I had a ton homework”
Ia berkata,”Saya mempunyai satu ton pekerjaan rumah”.
6. If you leave me alone, I will die.
Jika kamu meninggalkan saya sendiri, saya akan mati.
7. That plane goes faster than the speed light.
Pesawat itu berjalan lebih cepat daripada kecepatan cahaya.
8. The dress very expensive, I have spend may salary for one year
Baju itu sangat mahal, saya membelanjakan gaji selama satu tahun
9. Amir surprised, He is wins tons money
Amir terkejut, ia memenangkan berton-ton uang.
10. Her brain is the size of a shrimp.
Otaknya seukuran otak udang.
So, from expert’s opinion and example above, it can be concluded that hyperbole is figurative language which express about something with exaggerated, so it does not correspond to the actual reality.
Please find 7 definitions of semantics that were developed in 2017-2018
ReplyDeletesorry tatum, I have tried to look for it but did not find it.
Deleteso if you know more than me, I hope you can tell me, or if I find out later, I'll let you know again, thankyou
can you give me 5 definition of figurative languages according to the experts? Thankyou
ReplyDelete1. Based on Abrams (1999:96), tells that figurative languages was a conspicuous departure from what users of language apprehend as the standard meaning of words, or else the standard order of words, in order to achieve some special meaning or effect.
ReplyDelete2. Perrine (1982:61) tells that figurative languages is broadly defined as anyway of saying something other than ordinary way.
3. Keraf (2009:113) “Gaya bahasa merupakan cara untuk mengekspresikan biasanya berpikir melalui bahasa yang menunjukkan semangat dan kepribadian penulis atau bahasa pengguna”. It means that figurative language is a way of expressing typically thought through language that shows the spirit and personality of the author or the user language.
4. According to Dian Siti Khodijah in her paper (2010: 2) mentioned that
figurative language is categorized as the implied meaning, because the words
used in figurative language is not the real meaning but it is the connotative
meaning.
5. McArthur (1992: 402) explained that figurative language is the language in
which figures of speech such as metaphors freely occur.
From experts’ opinion above, it can be concluded that figurative languages is the typical way an author or writer in expressing thoughts and feelings in writing or orally. The specificity of figurative languages in the choice of words an author who is able to touch the minds and feelings of the reader.
Huh yeah, i just wondering why people want to wasted their time to read this post
ReplyDeleteYou want to know why people want to spend their time reading my blog? because in this blog there are a lot of knowledge that will add to their knowledge, and the knowledge is also useful for them
Deletecan you give an example of poetry in the simile?
ReplyDeleteYes, of course.
DeleteAccording to Keraf (2009:138) simile is a comparison that is explicit, is a comparison that is explicit is the same she implying something with it other. Therefore, it shows the effort that explicitly shows the similarities are such words, same, as, as if, like, etc.
This is an example of poetry in the simile :
Friends are like chocolate cake
You can never have too many.
Chocolate cake is like heaven -
Always amazing you with each taste or feeling.
Chocolate cake is like life with so many different pieces.
Chocolate cake is like happiness, you can never get enough of it."
So it be concluded that simile poems aren't just about emotions. for example, an unknown author wrote this devotional simile poem to chocolate cake.
Thankyou
try to give examples in everyday life
ReplyDeleteOne example of a figurative language in daily life is when you wait for your friend and he is not on time, then you say to him "time is money" so you have to be on time and don't waste time.
DeleteAnd "time is money" is one of example of metaphor.
Is "Figurative Language" intended for all ages?
ReplyDeleteIs there any "Figurative Language" that is not allow when speaking formal or when talking with parents?
DeleteIn my opinion not, because for young children and parents will not understand figurative language, because the figurative language contains implicit meanings.
ReplyDeleteYes, there is, that is when using figurative language which means rude and impolite.
Thankyou
Hello lana :)
ReplyDeleteWhy you choose semantics?
Hay suhai, I chose semantics because after I searched on google and saw an example, I was more interested in semantics. without realizing it all this time I have practiced the semantics in my daily life. I hope that with this I choose, I can do better in interpreting things, hopefully I will not choose the wrong and hopefully my basic is here.
ReplyDelete